This project examined the effects of three winter cover crop species grown singly and combined in multispecies mixtures on selected biological indicators of soil health and determined the changes of these indicators over a three-year period. The cover crops included single species and mixtures of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) in a soybean (Glycine max L.)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) rotation system under strip tillage