Laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted by scientists at the University of Kentucky to determine the potential of different chemicals and plants to dissolve fragipan binding agents. A number of them have shown promise but the one that showed the greatest promise in a number of laboratory and greenhouse tests and in the field, at this time, is annual ryegrass. The seven years of testing with annual ryegrass degraded the fragipan and increased yields more effectively than any other chemical or plant alternative and has shown good potential as a practical remedy.