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Soil Health Assessment and Management: Recent Development in Science and Practices

Natural soil is an ecosystem consisting of minerals, organic matter (OM), living organisms, water, and air and maintaining an unceasing flow of matter and energy within and with the surrounding environment via various physical, chemical, and biological processes. Soil health is a comprehensive expression of the relevant soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Land uses, disturbances, and management practices may alter soil properties and subsequently, impact soil health. Soil health degradation has been a worldwide overarching problem that threatens global food security. Effective and efficient management practices are warranted to restore degraded agricultural soils to the “healthy” status capable of supporting satisfactory food and fiber production while delivering other essential ecosystem services.

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